Floor system



Dec- 13 1932; F. n. sTuRGlasl 1,890,921

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Dec. 13, 1932. F. n. Vsmmafg-s FLOOR SYSTEM Filed May 13, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 s @Muga Patented Dec. 13, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FREDERIC D. STURGES, OF PITTSBURGH,

TION OF PENNSYLVANIA PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 JONES LAUGHLIN STEEL CORPORATION, OF IPITTSBURGH, V'IEENNSYLVANIA, A CORPOBA- FLOOR SYSTEM Application led May .13, 1929. Serial No. 362,735.

This invention rela-tes to loor systems and particularly to the construction of floors of tile or the like. y

In modern steel constructionit is common practice to make the floors of hollow tile which extend between the steel floor beams and are so shaped that when bonded together by Cement or mortar, they are self-supporting. Many different types of tile have been employed, but all of them have been open to the objection that their use required the erection of forms to support the tile during the placing thereof and the setting of the cement. The cost of this Vform work is a large item of expense in building construction and is conducive to delays in that ioors below those under construction are obstructured by the form work.

By my invention the use of forms for supporting the tile or the like is eliminated. I provide primary tiles which extend between the beams and the floor tiles proper derive their support from these primary tiles prior to the setting of the bond. Preferably the {ioor tiles are recessed so as to receive the primary tiles, thus producing a generally plain floor surface above the tiles and a generally plain ceiling surface therebelow. The primary tiles are preferably bonded to the floor tiles proper so that after the mortar or cement hardens the entire structure is monolithic in character and the primary tiles form a part of the permanent ioor system.

In the accompanying drawings which'illustrate certain present preferred embodiments of the invention,

Figure l is a perspective view, illustrating a iloor'of the end construction arch type and embodying my invention, c

Figure 2 is a transverse section taken on the line Il-II of Figure 1, l

Figure 3 is a section taken on the line III- III of "Figure 2, v

Figure 4 is a section taken on the line IV-IV of Figure 2,

Figure 5 is a view corresponding to Figure 2, but showing a combination end and side construction arch,

Figure 6 is a View similar' to Figure 2, but showing a concrete filled arch,

Figurev? is a view similar to Figure 6, but showing another type of tile,and,

Figure 8 is a section taken on the line VIII-VIII of Figure 7.`

Referring yfirst to Figures 1 to 4, inclusive,

there is shown a fioor system comprising spaced steel beams 2, primary tiles 3, and iioor tiles 4 and 5. The primary tiles may be i notched at the ends as indicated at 6 to fit around one of the lower flanges of asbeaml, or they may be oifset at theends, asindicated lat 7, so as to provide projectingendportions 8 whichlie over` the bottom lange of the beams 2.4 f i n As shown in Figure 1, 'the primary tiles in differentv bays are arranged in end-to-end relationship. Where primary tiles with recessed ends such as shownat 7 are employed, they leave spaces belowthe beams 2 which arefilled by soiiit pieces 9. yMortar is placed between the primary tiles and the beams as indicated at 10. n f i The primary tiles have sufficient strength to support the floor vtiles 4 and 5 before the hardening of the mortar makes the floor of a monolithic character. As best shown in Fig-y ures 1 and 4, the floor tiles Ltand 5 are` generally T-shaped in cross section so as to provide` recesses which accommodate the primary tiles 3, the bottoms of the primary t`les and the loor tiles lying in substantially ythe same plane. When the tiles 'are put in place they are coated with mortar in the usual way and when this mortar hardens the tiles .4 and 5 are bonded together and are also bonded to the primary tiles 3. The several tiles all have corrugated faces so as to more firmly key them'to one another. It will be noted from Figure 4 that only a very thin coating 11 of mortar is. used on top of the primaryr tiles 3.

This is to insure that the tops of the [floor tiles 1 tile 2l having inclined ends is placedthere- K between. The 'primary tiles are shown in dotted lines at 22 and, as inthe embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, these primary tiles are first positioned and the tiles 20 and 21 are supported thereby during the setting of the mortar 23.

Figure 6 shows a concrete filled arch wherein the floor tiles 30 and 31 are supported on primary tiles 32. In this construction soiiit pieces 33 are employed below the beams 2b. The Hoor tiles are supported by the primary tiles until the concrete 44 hardens.

Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a construction similar to that of Figure 6 except that a single tile 50 takes the place of the tiles 30 and 31. The primary tiles are indicated at 51 and, as in the embodiment of Figure 6, the concrete iioor 52 is poured after the mortar which joins the tiles has hardened.

My invention is particularly useful for tile iioors having relatively short spans, say up to 36 inches between beams. For such distances I prefer to place the primary tiles about l2 to 16 inches apart, depending upon the size of the tile used. The primary tiles need be only strong enough to support a dead load ofthe tile during erection. After the mortar has hardened the dead and live loads are taken by the arch of the floor tiles. The primary tiles become bonded with the floor Vtiles. `The several tile forms employed are relatively simple in shape and may be easily manufactui-ed. They may be quickly put in place and by their use the expensive form work is eli1n inated.

I have used the word tile herein as a word of general definition and not of limitation, and intend by it to cover not merely clay tile, but equivalent structures such as made from concrete or other materials.

I have illustrated and described certain preferred forms of the invention, but it will be understood that such showing, as well as the dimensions given, are by way of example only, and that the invention is not limited to such forms or dimensions and that it may be otherwise embodied or practiced within the scope ofthe following claims.

I claim:

1. In a floor system, spaced beams, i'loor tiles of general T-shape in cross section lying between the beams and joined together by a cementitious bond, and primary tiles lying in the recesses formed between adjacent floor tiles.

2. In a Hoor system, spaced beams, floor tiles ot general T-shape in cross section lying between the beams and joined together by a cementitious bond, and primary tiles lying in the recesses formed between adjacent floor tiles, the primary tiles being adapte-d to support the floor tiles prior to the setting of the bond.

3. In a floor system, spaced beams, primary tiles extending between the beams and spaced f from one another, and floor tiles extending horizontally over the primary tiles and supported thereby.

4. In a floor system, spaced supports and tile arches extending between the supports, the arches being made of a plurality of bonded tiles, and primary tiles supported by said spaced supports and adapted to sustain the tile arches prior to the setting of the bond.

5. In a floor system, spaced supports and tile arches extending between the supports, the arches being made of a plurality of bonded tiles and providing a large portion of the floor support, and primary tiles supported by said spaced supports and adapted to support the tile arches prior to the setting of the bond.

6. In a Hoor structure, spaced supports and tile arches extending between the supports, the arches being made of a plurality of bonded tiles, the tiles forming the arches having recesses therein extending between supports, and primary tiles lying in the recesses adapted to support the arched tiles prior to the setting of the bond.

7. In a floor structure, spaced supports and tile arches extending between the supports, the arches being made of a plurality of bonded tiles, and primary tiles extending between supports and effective for 'supporting the arched tiles prior to the setting oi the bond,

the top of the structure presenting a generally plane continuous surface.

8. In a floor structure, spaced supports and tile arches extending between the supports,

the arches being made of a plurality of bonded tiles, and primary tiles extending between supports and effective for supporting the arched tiles prior to the setting of the bond, the top and the bottom of the structure presenting generally plane continuous surfaces, 2V

the arched tiles being recessed to receive the primary tiles.

9. In a floor structure. spaced supports, primary tiles extending between the supports and spaced from one another, and tile arches made up of a plurality of bonded tiles extending between the supports, the primary tiles being adapted to support the tilearches prior to the setting of the bond.

l0. In a iioor system, spaced beams, pril mary tiles extending between the beams and spaced from one another, and a plurality of bonded ioor tiles'between the beams adapted to extend over and be supported by the primary tiles prior to the setting of the bond, .l

said bonded iioor tiles forming a continuous surface. A

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

FREDERIC D. STURGES.

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